Long-Term Freezing Temperatures Frequency Change Effect on Wind Energy Gain (Eurasia and North America, 1950–2019)

The persistent freezing conditions in cold regions are the cause of ice accretion on mechanical and instrumental elements wind turbines. Consequently, remarkable Annual Energy Production (AEP) losses prone to occur those farms. Following global expansion energy, these areas have had increased study interest recent years. goal studies is an improved characterisation site for installation turbines, which could prevent unexpected high AEP due them. In this context, paper provides estimation temperatures frequency (FTF) at 100 m over latitudes evaluates changes during last 70 To that end, hourly surface temperature data (2 above surface) from ERA5 reanalysis used [50? N, 75? N] latitudinal belt period 1950–2019. obtained results show average reduction FTF hours 72.5 h/decade all domain, reaching a maximum decrease 621 southeast coast Greenland 60% annual specific location Scandinavia. terms gain more than 26% would be projected, as categorised by International Agency.